The World Program for Census of Agriculture 2010 (WCA2010) covers the agricultural censuses and related surveys undertaken in the period 2006-2015.[br]As for the other decennial rounds, FAO prepared in 2006 technical guidelines for WCA2010 taking into account lessons learned from previous censuses and addressing new and emerging agriculture and rural development issues. New features recommended by FAO in WCA2010 include, integration of census into a programme of censuses and surveys, linkages with population census, modular approach with core module by complete enumeration and thematic modules by sampling and community level sttaistics. Several countries in the world have undertaken their censuses following the guidelines proposed in WCA2010.[br]This paper will review the implementation of the new approach by countries with analysis of lessons learned, issues and challenges. It will provide a brief update of the progress made in implementing the programme in various regions. Actual methods and techniques used to apply the guidelines will be reviewed in selected countries.The analysis will be illustrated with selected country examples, including Fiji (use of Area frames and quality checks), Niger (modular approach), Burkina Faso ( linkages with the population census, community level data) and Pakistan (Community level, supplementary modules).